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(→‎ELO rating: ratings were changed in 2017 https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=10974)
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=== Standard convention ===
=== Standard convention ===
This convention is suitable for beginners, since very little assumptions need to be made.


Players assume:
Players assume:
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* Cards known to be trash are discarded in priority ''e.g. cards marked blue when the blue stack is completed.''
* Cards known to be trash are discarded in priority ''e.g. cards marked blue when the blue stack is completed.''


==== Play clue ====
==== Play-clue ====


* A clue that does not mark a (unique) chop card¹.
* A Colour-clue.
* Focus is the newest card.
* Focus is the newest, previously card. This means when multiple cards are marked, you know that the NEWEST is the "next playable".
Priority:
''When a player has multiple cards to play, the best strategy to prioritze playing:''
# Lead to plays in other hands.
# ''The card that allows visible / marked cards in other players hands to be played.''
# Lower rank.
# ''Fives, when playing without flamboyants, to generate a clue-token. (When playing with flamboyants, 5s should be played as last possible strategic option.)''
# ''The card in the oldest position.''


==== Save clue ====
{{infoBoxes |maxWidth=650
|title1=Standard convention: Play clue
|body1={{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} }}
 
* Alice to Bob: these 2 cards are red.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|2|c=}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} }}
 
* Bob now knows his newest card is the next playable in the sequence ({{Hr|2}}), and the other marked card is NOT {{Hr|1}}, or {{Hr|2}} (because every marked card will be playable at some point).
 
|title2=Standard convention: Prompt
|body2={{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}} }}
 
* Alice to Cathy: this card is red.
 
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4|c=}} }}
 
* Cathy now knows her marked card is the next playable in the sequence ⇨ {{Hr|4}}, because {{Hr|3}} is already marked.
* Bob now knows his marked red card is {{Hr|3}} and he must play it now.
}}


* A (number) clue that marks a (unique) chop card¹.
==== Save-clue ====
* Focus is the chop card.


¹''Exception: 2 player game with 2+ consecutive saves.''
* A number-clue.
* Focus is the chop card. This means that saved cards shall be played from oldest to newest, when it is 100% safe to do so.
''Examples:''


==== Fix clue ====
# ''A 2 can be played when all 1s are on the table.''
# ''Non-blue 3 can be played when all 2s, except b2 are on the table.''
# ''A 4 can be played when r3, y3, b3 are on the table, and g4 and w4 are visible and marked in other players' hands.''


==== Fix-clue ====
Sometimes it cannot be avoided that the best strategic choice is to give a clue that doesn't follow the assumptions. This is rare for experienced players. However, less experienced players might not see the optimal solution to a situation and violate assumptions anyway. In both cases, a fix-clue is needed.
* A follow-up clue on the same hand as an initial play clue.
* A follow-up clue on the same hand as an initial play clue.
* Required to change the focus (and prevent a misfire).
* Required to change the focus (and prevent a misfire).
* A fix-clue can NEVER mean "play".


{{infoBoxes |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
{{infoBoxes |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
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|body1={{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
|body1={{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|3}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hg|3}} }}


* Cathy's {{Hr|3}} must play next.
* Cathy's {{Hr|3}} must play next.
* The focus of a 3 clue on its own will be {{Hg|3}} and the focus of a red clue will be {{Hr|5}}.
* The focus of a 3 clue on its own will be {{Hg|3}} and the focus of a red clue will be {{Hr|5}}.
* Alice to Cathy: these 2 cards are red.
* Alice to Cathy: these two cards are 3.


{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5|c=}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|3}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3|n=}}{{Hw|3|n=}} }}


* Bob to Cathy: these 2 cards are 3s - this fix clue changes the focus from {{Hr|5}} to {{Hr|3}} (now visible).
* Bob to Cathy: these 2 cards are white - this fix clue changes the focus from {{Hw|3}} to {{Hr|3}} (now visible).


{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5|c=}}{{Hr|3|n=|c=}}{{Hw|3|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3|n=}}{{Hw|3|n=|c=}} }}
 
* Note: If Alice had given a red-clue to Cathy, and Bob had fixed it with a 3-clue, it would mean that newest red is "next playable", so Cathy should assume {{Hr|4}} instead of {{Hr|5}}


|title2=Fix clue example 2
|title2=Fix clue example 2
|body2={{Hr}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}} {{Hm}}
|body2={{Hr|3}} {{Hy|3}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hg|5}} }}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hr|4}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hg|4}}{{Hm|2}}{{Hy|2}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hb|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hg|3}} }}


* Avalanche of colors option is on, so multicolour cards are marked by '''any colour clue'''.
* Bob's {{Hr|4}} must be saved.
* Cathy's {{Hy|2}} should play before it is discarded.
* The focus of a 4 clue on its own will be {{Hr|4}}
* The focus of a 2 clue on its own will be {{Hm|2}} and the focus of a yellow  clue will also be {{Hm|2}}.
* Alice to Cathy: these two cards are 4.


* Alice to Cathy: these 2 cards are yellow.
{{Hr|3}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|4|n=}}{{Hr|4|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hb|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|3}} }}


{{Hr}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}} {{Hm}}
* Bob will play {{Hr|4}} and make the (wrong) assumption that his other four is {{Hy|4}}. After Cathy discards {{Hg|3}}, Alice must fix the situation.
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hg|5}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hg|4}}{{Hm|2|{{y}}|1|1|c=}}{{Hy|2|c=}} }}


* Bob to Cathy: these 2 cards are 2s - this fix clue changes the focus from the left 2 to the other 2.
{{Hr|4}} {{Hy|3}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hy|2}}{{Hr|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|4|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|5}}{{Hb|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}} }}


{{Hr}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}} {{Hm}}
* Alice will give white-clue to Bob. Note that a fix clue NEVER means "play".
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hw|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hg|5}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hg|4}}{{Hm|2|{{y}}|1|1|n=|c=}}{{Hy|2|n=|c=}} }}


* ''Note: if a multicolour card is the intended target of a play clue, the clearest clue would be a colour that does not splash any other card.''
{{Hr|4}} {{Hy|3}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hy|2}}{{Hr|1}}{{Hw|1|c=}}{{Hw|4|n=|c=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hy|5}}{{Hb|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}} }}
}}
}}


==== Bad clue ====
==== Bad clue ====


* Tell a lie ''e.g. a clue that marks {{Hr|2}} as playable without the required {{Hr|1}}.''
* A clue that violates any of the assumptions.
* Mark unknown trash or duplicate cards ''e.g. mark '''4'''s in another hand when your hand could have a copy of that '''4'''.''
''Examples:''
 
{{infoBoxes |maxWidth=650
|title1=Standard convention: Play clue
|body1={{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} }}
 
* Alice to Bob: these 2 cards are red.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hr|2|c=}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} }}
 
* Bob now knows his newest card is the next playable in the sequence ({{Hr|2}}), and the other marked card is {{Hr|3}}, {{Hr|4}} or {{Hr|5}} (because every marked card will be playable at some point).


|title2=Standard convention: Prompt
# ''A clue that marks {{Hr|2}} as playable (with colour) when {{Hr|1}} is not yet played on the table, or marked in someone's hand.''
|body2={{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
# ''A clue that marks known trash or potentially duplicate cards, such as '''4'''s-clue when your hand could have a copy of that '''4'''.''
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}} }}


* Alice to Cathy: this card is red.
* A clue that marks zero new cards.


{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
''Example:''
{{cardholder|Bob 🡲|cards={{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} }}
{{cardholder|Cathy 🡲|cards={{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4|c=}} }}


* Cathy now knows her marked card is the next playable in the sequence ⇨ {{Hr|4}}, because {{Hr|3}} is already marked.
''A common beginner mistake is to rush a saved card into play by re-cluing it. You should wait until the next playable card is drawn, and then clue that card to "prompt" the saved card.)''
* Bob now knows his marked red card is {{Hr|3}} and he must play it now.
}}


=== Finesse convention ===
=== Finesse convention ===

Revision as of 13:37, 13 January 2024

Overview

  • Hanabi is a cooperative game. Your goal, as a team, is to build a fabulous fireworks show.
  • You have to put together fireworks (red, yellow, green, blue and white) by playing each individual colour in series (1 ⇨ 2 ⇨ 3 ⇨ 4 ⇨ 5).
  • You cannot see your own cards; you can only see the cards of your teammates.
  • You can only communicate with your teammates via clues, playing and discarding cards (see below).
  • No other communication is allowed.
Final Score Ratings
Points Overall impression
0-5 horrible, booed by the crowd...
6-10 mediocre, just a spattering of applause.
11-15 honourable, but will not be remembered for very long...
16-20 excellent, crowd pleasing.
21-24 amazing, will be remembered for a very long time!
25-29 legendary, everyone left speechless, stars in their eyes!
30 Divine, the display outshines the stars!

Setup

Deal
# Players 2-3 4-5
# Cards 5 4

8clue tokens clue tokens

Game play

Players take turns to either:

  • Give a clue
  • Play a card, or
  • Discard a card

Clue

Possible with at least 1clue tokens available:

  • All cards of a colour, or
  • All cards of a number, or
  • No cards of a colour, e.g. "Player1 to Player2: you have no red card" or
  • No cards of a number e.g. "Player1 to Player2: you have no 5"
  1. The active player selects a card in another player's hand.
  2. The active player selects a clue option.
  3. 1clue tokens is moved from 'available' to 'used'.

Play

  1. The active player selects a card in their hand.
  2. The active player selects the 'Play selected card' button.
    • If the played card fits in any of the sequences, it is placed in the appropriate colour stack on the table.
    • If the played card does not fit, it is placed in the discard pile and the team gets a misfire token.
  3. A replacement card is drawn.

Discard

Possible with fewer than 8clue tokens available:

  1. The active player selects a card in their hand.
  2. The active player selects the 'Discard selected card' button.
  3. The discarded card is placed in the discard pile.
  4. 1clue tokens is moved from 'used' to 'available'.
  5. A replacement card is drawn.

Game end

The game can end in several ways:

  • All cards have been drawn from the deck. After this happens, each player has one more turn. The game ends with the score after the last turn.
  • Your team played all possible cards. In this case, the game ends immediately.
  • Your team made three mistakes that caused misfires. In this case, all players lose the game and receive -10 ELO points.
  • Your team concedes the game. All players receive -10 ELO points.
  • A player quits the game. Only the player that quit first receives -10 ELO points. All other players' ELO is unchanged.

Conventions

  • There are not enough ​clue tokens to clue both colour and number of every played card, so the team must agree on a set of clue, play and discard interpretations, known as a convention.
  • Many players use different conventions and if teammates have very different clue interpretations, the game becomes unsuccessful.
  • Read about some of the most common conventions in this forum post by Romain672.

Note: the BGA list of conventions does not cover all conventions, so please respect the convention the table creator wants to play. This is why there is an option to display the convention for the table.

Standard convention

This convention is suitable for beginners, since very little assumptions need to be made.

Players assume:

  • Every marked card will be playable at some point.
  • The oldest, unmarked (chop) card is safe to discard.
  • Cards known to be trash are discarded in priority e.g. cards marked blue when the blue stack is completed.

Play-clue

  • A Colour-clue.
  • Focus is the newest, previously card. This means when multiple cards are marked, you know that the NEWEST is the "next playable".

When a player has multiple cards to play, the best strategy to prioritze playing:

  1. The card that allows visible / marked cards in other players hands to be played.
  2. Fives, when playing without flamboyants, to generate a clue-token. (When playing with flamboyants, 5s should be played as last possible strategic option.)
  3. The card in the oldest position.
Standard convention: Play clue
red1
,with a
red1clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
Bob 🡲
white4
,with a
white4clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice to Bob: these 2 cards are red.
red1
,with a
red1clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
Bob 🡲
white4
,with a
white4clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Bob now knows his newest card is the next playable in the sequence (
    red2
    ,with a
    red2clue,
    ), and the other marked card is NOT
    red1
    ,with a
    red1clue,
    , or
    red2
    ,with a
    red2clue,
    (because every marked card will be playable at some point).
Standard convention: Prompt
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
Bob 🡲
white2
,with a
white2clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice to Cathy: this card is red.
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
Bob 🡲
white2
,with a
white2clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Cathy now knows her marked card is the next playable in the sequence ⇨
    red4
    ,with a
    red4clue,
    , because
    red3
    ,with a
    red3clue,
    is already marked.
  • Bob now knows his marked red card is
    red3
    ,with a
    red3clue,
    and he must play it now.

Save-clue

  • A number-clue.
  • Focus is the chop card. This means that saved cards shall be played from oldest to newest, when it is 100% safe to do so.

Examples:

  1. A 2 can be played when all 1s are on the table.
  2. Non-blue 3 can be played when all 2s, except b2 are on the table.
  3. A 4 can be played when r3, y3, b3 are on the table, and g4 and w4 are visible and marked in other players' hands.

Fix-clue

Sometimes it cannot be avoided that the best strategic choice is to give a clue that doesn't follow the assumptions. This is rare for experienced players. However, less experienced players might not see the optimal solution to a situation and violate assumptions anyway. In both cases, a fix-clue is needed.

  • A follow-up clue on the same hand as an initial play clue.
  • Required to change the focus (and prevent a misfire).
  • A fix-clue can NEVER mean "play".
Fix clue example 1
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white2
,with a
white2clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Bob 🡲
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
green3
,with a
green3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Cathy's
    red3
    ,with a
    red3clue,
    must play next.
  • The focus of a 3 clue on its own will be
    green3
    ,with a
    green3clue,
    and the focus of a red clue will be
    red5
    ,with a
    red5clue,
    .
  • Alice to Cathy: these two cards are 3.
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white2
,with a
white2clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Bob 🡲
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white3
,with a
white3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Bob to Cathy: these 2 cards are white - this fix clue changes the focus from
    white3
    ,with a
    white3clue,
    to
    red3
    ,with a
    red3clue,
    (now visible).
red2
,with a
red2clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white2
,with a
white2clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Bob 🡲
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white3
,with a
white3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Note: If Alice had given a red-clue to Cathy, and Bob had fixed it with a 3-clue, it would mean that newest red is "next playable", so Cathy should assume
    red4
    ,with a
    red4clue,
    instead of
    red5
    ,with a
    red5clue,
Fix clue example 2
red3
,with a
red3clue,
yellow3
,with a
yellow3clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Bob 🡲
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
green3
,with a
green3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Bob's
    red4
    ,with a
    red4clue,
    must be saved.
  • The focus of a 4 clue on its own will be
    red4
    ,with a
    red4clue,
  • Alice to Cathy: these two cards are 4.
red3
,with a
red3clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
Bob 🡲
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
white3
,with a
white3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Bob will play
    red4
    ,with a
    red4clue,
    and make the (wrong) assumption that his other four is
    yellow4
    ,with a
    yellow4clue,
    . After Cathy discards
    green3
    ,with a
    green3clue,
    , Alice must fix the situation.
red4
,with a
red4clue,
yellow3
,with a
yellow3clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
yellow2
,with a
yellow2clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
Bob 🡲
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice will give white-clue to Bob. Note that a fix clue NEVER means "play".
red4
,with a
red4clue,
yellow3
,with a
yellow3clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,
yellow2
,with a
yellow2clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
Bob 🡲
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
Cathy 🡲

Bad clue

  • A clue that violates any of the assumptions.

Examples:

  1. A clue that marks
    red2
    ,with a
    red2clue,
    as playable (with colour) when
    red1
    ,with a
    red1clue,
    is not yet played on the table, or marked in someone's hand.
  2. A clue that marks known trash or potentially duplicate cards, such as 4s-clue when your hand could have a copy of that 4.
  • A clue that marks zero new cards.

Example:

A common beginner mistake is to rush a saved card into play by re-cluing it. You should wait until the next playable card is drawn, and then clue that card to "prompt" the saved card.)

Finesse convention

Players assume:

  • Standard convention
  • Play clues may also include the newest, unmarked cards in every hand.
Finesse example
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Bob 🡲
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice to Cathy: this card is blue.
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Bob 🡲
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Cathy now knows her marked card
    blue2
    ,with a
    blue2clue,
    is playable.
  • Bob knows that Cathy will bomb her
    blue2
    ,with a
    blue2clue,
    as
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    unless a
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    is played first.
  • Bob does not see the connecting
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    , so assumes he has to play it now.
  • Bob does not have a marked card that could be
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    , so Bob blind plays his newest unmarked card.
  • blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    successfully plays.
Reversed finesse example
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Bob 🡲
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice to Bob: this card is blue.
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Bob 🡲
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Bob now knows his marked
    blue2
    ,with a
    blue2clue,
    is playable.
  • Bob sees the newest, unmarked card in Cathy's hand is of the same colour and playable now. Bob assumes it is a finesse with the players in reversed order and his blue card is
    blue2
    ,with a
    blue2clue,
    .
Bluff example
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Bob 🡲
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Alice to Cathy: this card is blue.
red​
,with a
red​clue,
yellow​
,with a
yellow​clue,
green​
,with a
green​clue,
blue​
,with a
blue​clue,
white​
,with a
white​clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
Bob 🡲
red5
,with a
red5clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
Cathy 🡲
  • Cathy now knows her marked card
    blue2
    ,with a
    blue2clue,
    is playable.
  • Bob does not see the connecting
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    , so assumes he has to play it now.
  • Bob does not have a marked card that could be
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    , so Bob blind plays his newest unmarked card.
  • white1
    ,with a
    white1clue,
    successfully plays and the bluff is revealed.
  • Before Bob played, Cathy thought her marked card was
    blue1
    ,with a
    blue1clue,
    .
  • After Bob plays, Cathy knows her marked card is another valuable blue card.

All conventions interpret Cathy's card as a valuable, not-yet-playable blue card.

Some interpretations are more stringent, also must be a 1-away-from-playable
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
.

Marked card discard

If a non-trash marked card is discarded it means:

  • A copy of that card is already marked in someone else's hand (sarcastic discard); or
  • A copy of that card must be marked in a future save clue (use with caution); or
  • An unmarked copy of that card is playable (gentleman's discard)

Definitions

Basic

Convention: Agreed set of clue, play and discard interpretations. e.g. a number clue that marks the chop card should be interpreted as a unique card save (if there is a unique card of that number).

Strategy: Plan to achieve the highest score. e.g. to mark first copies of cards.

Marked: A card touched by a clue.

Focus: The target card of a clue.

Play clue: Clue that marks a focused card to play.

Playable: A card that can be marked by a play clue.

Trash: A card that can never be played successfully.

Bomb: A play that causes a misfire.

Draw: The newest card in a hand.

Chop: The oldest, unmarked card in a hand.

Unique: The last remaining card of its rank and colour (that can be played successfully at some point).

Save: A (number) clue that marks a chop card to prevent discard.

Prompt: A play clue that causes connecting marked card(s) to play.

Intermediate

Good Touch Principle: All marked cards will eventually be played.

Splash: Additional new colour or rank information of cards that are not the focus.

Locked: A hand with all cards marked without any plays.

Reclue: A repeated clue that causes marked card(s) to play.

Fix clue: Follow-up clue required to change the focus of a play clue (and prevent a misfire).

Discard clue: Clue that marks trash card(s) to be discarded (to prevent a misfire or unwanted discard).

Stall clue: A clue given to avoid discarding.

Finesse: A play clue that causes connecting unmarked card(s) to play.

Bluff: A play clue that causes a non-connecting unmarked card to play immediately.

Bluff seat: The player directly before the player who is bluffed.

Bottom-decked: When the remaining copy of a playable card is too near the bottom of the deck to achieve a perfect score.

Early save: A save clue with a known playable card in the same hand, or does not mark the chop card¹. i.e. a play clue.

Double save: Two consecutive saves in the same hand.

Double discard: Two consecutive players discard copies of the same chop card, resulting in a unique discard. A special problem, since, to each of the consecutive players, a number clue that marks their chop card does not look like a save clue (and therefore looks like a play clue).

Sarcastic discard: Discard of a duplicate marked copy of a card in another hand.

Skip / steal: When a player gives a clue that could have been given by one of the skipped players.

Scream discard: An unexpected discard to save a unique card in another hand.

Advanced

Long finesse: A finesse of three or more cards lasting more than one complete round.

Layered finesse: A finesse with unrelated playable card(s) in front of the target card(s).

Scream play: An unexpected chop play to save a unique card in another hand.

Clued misplay: A play clue that causes a misfire to prevent a unique discard in the same hand.

Positional misplay: An unexpected play that marks the same slot position in another hand to play immediately.

Gentleman's discard: Discard of a playable card to play an unmarked copy in another hand.

Play refusal: Instead of playing, a player clues or discards their chop.

Hesitation play: After a play refusal of a playable card, another player may be able to blind play an unmarked card.

Generation discard: An unexpected discard to gain 1clue tokens.

Options

Colors

Normal: 5 colors

50 cards
Red (r)
red1
,with a
red1clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
red1
,with a
red1clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
red2
,with a
red2clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
red3
,with a
red3clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
red4
,with a
red4clue,
red5
,with a
red5clue,
Yellow (y)
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
yellow1
,with a
yellow1clue,
yellow2
,with a
yellow2clue,
yellow2
,with a
yellow2clue,
yellow3
,with a
yellow3clue,
yellow3
,with a
yellow3clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
yellow4
,with a
yellow4clue,
yellow5
,with a
yellow5clue,
Green (g)
green1
,with a
green1clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
green1
,with a
green1clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
green2
,with a
green2clue,
green3
,with a
green3clue,
green3
,with a
green3clue,
green4
,with a
green4clue,
green4
,with a
green4clue,
green5
,with a
green5clue,
Blue (b)
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
blue1
,with a
blue1clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
blue2
,with a
blue2clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
blue3
,with a
blue3clue,
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
blue4
,with a
blue4clue,
blue5
,with a
blue5clue,
White (w)
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white1
,with a
white1clue,
white2
,with a
white2clue,
white2
,with a
white2clue,
white3
,with a
white3clue,
white3
,with a
white3clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
white4
,with a
white4clue,
white5
,with a
white5clue,

Tricky: 6th color (10 cards)

  • These cards are marked by a separate multicolour clue.
+10 cards
Multicolour (m)
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour2
,with a
multicolour2clue,
multicolour2
,with a
multicolour2clue,
multicolour3
,with a
multicolour3clue,
multicolour3
,with a
multicolour3clue,
multicolour4
,with a
multicolour4clue,
multicolour4
,with a
multicolour4clue,
multicolour5
,with a
multicolour5clue,

Difficult: 6th color (5 cards)

  • These cards are marked by a separate multicolour clue.
+5 cards
Multicolour (m)
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour2
,with a
multicolour2clue,
multicolour3
,with a
multicolour3clue,
multicolour4
,with a
multicolour4clue,
multicolour5
,with a
multicolour5clue,

Avalanche of Colors: Multicolor (10 multicolor)

  • These cards are marked by any colour clue.
+10 cards
Multicolour (m)
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour1
,with a
multicolour1clue,
multicolour2
,with a
multicolour2clue,
multicolour2
,with a
multicolour2clue,
multicolour3
,with a
multicolour3clue,
multicolour3
,with a
multicolour3clue,
multicolour4
,with a
multicolour4clue,
multicolour4
,with a
multicolour4clue,
multicolour5
,with a
multicolour5clue,

Black Powder

  • Clues cannot be given for the colour black.
  • Black cards must be played in reverse order 5 ⇨ 4 ⇨ 3 ⇨ 2 ⇨ 1.
+10 cards
Black Powder (p/k)
black powder5
,with a
black powder5clue,
black powder5
,with a
black powder5clue,
black powder5
,with a
black powder5clue,
black powder4
,with a
black powder4clue,
black powder4
,with a
black powder4clue,
black powder3
,with a
black powder3clue,
black powder3
,with a
black powder3clue,
black powder2
,with a
black powder2clue,
black powder2
,with a
black powder2clue,
black powder1
,with a
black powder1clue,

5 flamboyants

After playing the last card of a colour, randomly draw a bonus card and apply its effect:

  1. Gain 1clue tokens
  2. Gain 1clue tokens and recover a life.
  3. Give a colour clue.
  4. Give a number clue.
  5. Shuffle a discarded card into the deck (optional).
  6. Play a discarded card (optional).

Convention used

Name Summary References
Standard BGA convention without blind-plays. Standard convention above

Hanabi "reference" for bga

Finesse BGA convention with blind-plays. Finesse convention above

Hanabi "reference" for bga

Hat-guessing Clues relate to slot position, not the cards marked. H-Group

Robert Kaspar

H-Group empty clues

Logical Leftism No convention, just logic. hanabi logic
Closest Friend Clue interpretation depends on which player gave the clue. H-Group
Secret convention Each player randomly selects a secret restriction. Secret variant

Secret hanabi restriction

Conventional Leftism Same as Standard. hanabi logic

Postmans

Chop-focus The focus of a clue that marks a chop card is always the chop card. H-Group

Preset deck

Preset decks are useful for comparing teams/conventions using the same deck:

  • No (cards are shuffled)
  • Preset deck #1 of the day
  • Preset deck #2 of the day
  • Preset deck #3 of the day
  • Preset deck #4 of the day
  • Preset deck #5 of the day

Preset decks are changed at 0:00 (?) UTC

Unofficial variant

Deal
# Players 2 3 4 5
# Cards 6 5 4 3

ELO rating

Rating is visibly hidden around tables (apart from the setup screen i.e. where players accept to start the game).

The 7 distinct ELO skill levels replace the ELO number: rank Beginner rank Apprentice rank Average rank Good rank Strong rank Expert rank Master.

  1. Hanabot's ELO is generated from:
    • Final score¹
    • Average team ELO
    • Colour option²
  2. ELO change is calculated as if tied with Hanabot³.

Hanabots' ELO ratings were set by an experienced player - i.e. ratings are not random or simply proportional to score or players' ELO.

¹Hanabot's ELO = 0 with scores < 18 (5 colours) and < 21 (6 colours).

²+5 card multicolor option is unrated (too dependent on draw to reflect skill).

³ELO change with a perfect score is calculated as if Hanabot lost.

Cheating

  • Players can cheat at Hanabi by sharing information via the chat user interface. This is why ranking has been disabled for this game.
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