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== Overview ==
== Overview ==


* Hanabi is a cooperative game. Your goal, as a team, is to build a fabulous fireworks show.
Hanabi is a cooperative game where your collective goal is to build a fabulous fireworks show. Like any decent show, you should start with small fireworks and finish with the big ones. You will do this by playing red, blue, green, yellow, and white cards from ranks 1 to 5. The problem? You don't know what cards you have. But you know which ones your fellow players do. So you must communicate with each other to build a proper show by placing cards in sequential order with no misfires.  
* You have to put together fireworks by playing each individual colour ''(red, yellow, green, blue and white)'' in series (1 ⇨ 2 ⇨ 3 ⇨ 4 ⇨ 5).
* Each colour in the deck has {{card|1}}{{card|1}}{{card|1}}, {{card|2}}{{card|2}}, {{card|3}}{{card|3}}, {{card|4}}{{card|4}}, {{card|5}}.
* You cannot see your own cards; you can only see the cards of your teammates.
* You can only communicate with your teammates via '''clues''', '''playing''' and '''discarding''' cards (see below).
* No other communication is allowed.


{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
==Gameplay==
|+Final Score Ratings
!Points
!Overall impression
|-
|0-5
|horrible, booed by the crowd...
|-
|6-10
|mediocre, just a spattering of applause.
|-
|11-15
|honourable, but will not be remembered for very long...
|-
|16-20
|excellent, crowd pleasing.
|-
|21-24
|amazing, will be remembered for a very long time!
|-
|25-29
|legendary, everyone left speechless, stars in their eyes!
|-
|30
|Divine, the display outshines the stars!
|}Note: '''25''' is the maximum score with '''Normal: 5 colors'''.
 
== Setup ==
 
<div style="display:flex;gap:2rem;align-items:center;">
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|+Deal
!# Players
!2-3
!4-5
|-
!# Cards
|5
|4
|}
{{Hclue|8}} clue tokens
</div>


== Game play ==
====Cards and Firework Stacks====


Players take turns to either:
The deck has a total of 50 cards. The cards come in five colors: {{pill|Red|firebrick}} {{pill|Blue|royalblue}} {{pill|Green|green}} {{pill|Yellow|gold}} {{pill|White|white}}


* Give a '''clue'''
Each color has 10 cards. Three are {{card|1}}, two are {{card|2}}, two are {{card|3}}, two are {{card|4}}, and one single {{card|5}}.
* '''Play''' a card, or
* '''Discard''' a card


=== Clue ===
There is only one firework of each color. Each firework only has one of each number and must be placed in ascending order. So at the end (if successful), you should have 5 fireworks of 5 cards each, 1 through 5. Placing a duplicate on any of the stacks will result in a misfire. '''If three misfires occur, the game is over and the players lose.'''


Possible with at least {{Hclue|1|size=1.5}} available:
====Communication====
* '''All''' cards of a colour, or
* '''All''' cards of a number, or
* '''No''' cards of a colour, ''e.g. "'''Player1''' to '''Player2''': you have no red card"'' or
* '''No''' cards of a number ''e.g. "'''Player1''' to '''Player2''': you have no 5"''


# The active player selects a card in another player's hand.
You can only communicate with your teammates via '''clues'''. You have a limited number of clues, represented by tokens like this: {{Hclue|size=1}}
# The active player selects a clue option.
# {{Hclue|1|size=1.5}} is moved from 'available' to 'used'.


=== Play ===
These are displayed in the upper right corner. Each time you give a clue, a {{Hclue|size=1}} moves from the white area (available tokens) to the black (played tokens). If there are no tokens available, you must play or discard on your turn.


# The active player selects a card in their hand.
{{InfoBox|title=Chat|background=red|body=Do '''not''' use the chat to communicate with each other. That is cheating. If you do, you are dishonored and your reputation as a master pyrotechnician is tainted.}}
# The active player selects the 'Play selected card' button.
#* If the played card fits in any of the sequences, it is placed in the appropriate colour stack on the table.
#* If the played card does not fit, it is placed in the discard pile and the team gets a ''misfire'' token.
# A replacement card is drawn.


=== Discard ===
==Setup==


Possible with fewer than {{Hclue|8|size=1.5}} available:
In a 2-3 player game, each player gets a hand of 5 cards. In a 4-5 player game, each player gets a hand of 4 cards.  
# The active player selects a card in their hand.
# The active player selects the 'Discard selected card' button.
# The discarded card is placed in the discard pile.
# {{Hclue|1|size=1.5}} is moved from 'used' to 'available'.
# A replacement card is drawn.


== Game end ==
==Gameplay==


The game can end in several ways:
On your turn, you can do one of three things.  
* All cards have been drawn from the deck. After this happens, each player has one more turn. The game ends with the score after the last turn.
* Your team played all possible cards. In this case, the game ends immediately.
* Your team made three mistakes that caused misfires. In this case, all players lose the game and receive -10 ELO points.
* Your team concedes the game. All players receive -10 ELO points.
* A player quits the game. Only the player that quit first receives -10 ELO points. All other players' ELO is unchanged.


== Conventions ==
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
  <li>Give a clue.</li>
  <li>Discard a card.</li>
  <li>Play a card.</li>
</ul>


* There are not enough {{Hclue|size=1}} to clue both colour and number of every played card, so the team must agree on a set of clue, play and discard interpretations, known as a convention.
==== Give a Clue ====
* Many players use different conventions and if teammates have very different clue interpretations, the game becomes unsuccessful.
* Read about some of the most common conventions in '''[https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26863 this forum post]''' by [https://boardgamearena.com/player?id=84207926 Romain672].
''Note: the BGA list of conventions does not cover all conventions, so please respect the convention the table creator wants to play. This is why there is an option to display the convention for the table.''


=== Finesse ===
To give a clue, there must be at least 1 {{Hclue|size=1}} in the white area. Click on another player's card. You have the choice of telling the player


Players assume:
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
* Every marked card will be playable at some point.
  <li>Which cards '''of that color''' the player has</li>
* The oldest, unmarked (chop) card is safe to discard.
  <li>Which cards '''of that number''' the player has</li>
* Cards known to be trash are discarded in priority ''e.g. cards marked blue when the blue stack is completed.''
</ul>
* Play clues may also include the '''newest, unmarked''' cards in every hand.


[Please review my major change to Conventions in Discussion.]
At that point, the {{Hclue|size=1}} is moved from the white "available" zone to the black "used" zone.


==== Save clue ====
The game records these clues, so you can tell which cards other players have pointed out are what number and what color.


* A (number) clue that marks a (unique) chop card¹.
==== Play a Card ====
* Focus is the chop card.


¹''Exception: 2 player game with 2+ consecutive saves.''
Choose a card in your hand and select to play it. It will move automatically to the appropriate color stack.  


==== Play clue ====
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
  <li>If it '''is''' the next card in sequence for a color, it is placed on the appropriate stack, adding to or completing the firework.</li>
  <li>If it '''is not''' the next card in sequence for any color, then the firework has misfired and the card is discarded. The player draws a replacement card.</li>
</ul>


* A clue that does not mark a (unique) chop card¹.
If the played card completes a firework, a {{Hclue|size=1}} moves from the spent black area to the white available area.
* Focus is the newest card.
Priority:
# Lead to plays in other hands.
# Lower rank.


==== Fix clue ====
==== Discard a Card ====


* A follow-up clue on the same hand as an initial play clue.
To discard a card, there must be at least 1 {{Hclue|size=1}} in the black area. Click on the card you wish to discard. A replacement card is drawn and a {{Hclue|size=1}} moves from the black area to the white area, making it available.  
* Required to change the focus (and prevent a misfire).


==== Bad clue ====
Discarding is a necessary part of the game as you will need to restore {{Hclue|size=1}}. Plus your hand will have unplayable duplicates so you must discard at some point. (e.g., if you play a {{card|3|color=white|background=royalblue}} and the {{pill|Blue|royalblue}} stack already has a {{card|3|color=white|background=royalblue}} in it, that results in a misfire.)


* Tell a lie ''e.g. a clue that marks {{Hr|2}} as playable without the required {{Hr|1}}.''
== Game End ==
* Mark unknown trash or duplicate cards ''e.g. mark '''4'''s in another hand when your hand could have a copy of that '''4'''.''


==== Marked card discard ====
There are three ways the game can end.


If a non-trash marked card is discarded it means:
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
* A copy of that card is already marked in someone else's hand (''sarcastic discard''); or
  <li>If the players cause 3 misfires (misplayed cards), the game immediately ends and the players lose.</li>
* A copy of that card must be marked in a future save clue (use with caution); or
  <li>If all 5 firework stacks get completed, the players have won. and granted a stunning victory with 25 points.</li>
* An unmarked copy of that card is playable (''gentleman's discard'')
  <li>If the deck is empty, each player plays one more time (including the player who emptied the deck). Once this last round completes, the score is tallied.</li>
  <ul class="bulletlist" style="padding-inline-start:40px;">
    <li></li>
  </ul>
</ul>


==== Examples ====
====Scoring====


{{infoBoxes3 |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
To calculate score, add the largest value card (top card) in each of the firework stacks. Artistic impression is determined by the Artisan League of Fireworks Technicians reference scale:
|title1=Save clue
|body1=
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|1}} {{Hw}} Discarded: {{Hw|2}}
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|4}}{{Hy|3}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hw|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}


* Alice to Bob: this card is a 5.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
 
|- style="background-color: #eaecf0;text-align: center;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;"
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|1}} {{Hw}} Discarded: {{Hw|2}}
!Points
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
!Overall impression
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
|-
{{cardholder|{{Hr|4}}{{Hy|3}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hw|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}
|0-5
 
|Horrible, booed by the crowd...
* Bob knows that there is only one 5 of each colour in the deck, so all 5s need to be marked to keep them from being discarded.
|-
* Bob sees Cathy's oldest card is {{Hw|2}} and checks the discard pile to see if he needs to save it from being discarded. There is already a {{Hw|2}} in the discard pile and Bob knows there are only two 2s of each colour, so Cathy has the last remaining {{Hw|2}} and Bob must save it.
|6-10
* Bob to Cathy: this card is a 2.
|Mediocre, just a spattering of applause...
: Good job Bob.
|-
 
|11-15
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|1}} {{Hw}} Discarded: {{Hw|2}}
|Honorable attempt, but quickly forgotten...
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|4}}{{Hy|3}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hw|2|n=}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy looks at the played cards to see if 2s are all playable. The {{Hw|1}} has not been played yet, so she cannot be sure it is playable yet.
* Next Cathy looks at the discard pile to see if there is a 2 in the discard pile.
* There is a {{Hw|2}} discarded, so she interprets this number clue marking her oldest card as a save clue to prevent her from discarding it.
: Nice one Cathy.
 
|title2=Play clue
|body2=
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Alice to Bob: these 2 cards are red.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2|c=}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|3}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Bob now knows his newest card is the next playable in the sequence ({{Hr|2}}), and the other marked card is {{Hr|3}}, {{Hr|4}} or {{Hr|5}} (because every marked card will be playable at some point).
 
|title3=Fix clue
|body3=
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|3}}{{Hw|3}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy's {{Hr|3}} must play next.
* The focus of a 3 clue on its own will be {{Hw|3}} and the focus of a red  clue will be {{Hr|5}}.
* Alice to Cathy: these 2 cards are red.
 
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5|c=}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|3}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Bob to Cathy: these 2 cards are 3s - this fix clue changes the focus from {{Hr|5}} to {{Hr|3}} (now visible).
 
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|5}} {{Hb|5}} {{Hw|5}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hr|4}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|5|c=}}{{Hr|3|n=|c=}}{{Hw|3|n=}} |Cathy 🡲}}
}}
 
{{infoBoxes3 |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
|title1=Prompt
|body1=
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Alice to Cathy: this card is red.
 
{{Hr|2}} {{Hy|5}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb|3}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}}{{HBack}} |Alice 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|5}}{{Hy|4}}{{Hr|3|c=}}{{Hw|5|n=}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hr|4|c=}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy now knows her marked card is the next playable in the sequence ⇨ {{Hr|4}}, because {{Hr|3}} is already marked.
* Bob now knows his marked red card is {{Hr|3}} and he must play it now.
 
|title2=Finesse
|body2=
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2}}{{Hg|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Alice to Cathy: this card is blue.
 
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2|c=}}{{Hg|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy now knows her marked card {{Hb|2}} is playable.
* Bob knows that Cathy will bomb her {{Hb|2}} as {{Hb|1}} unless a {{Hb|1}} is played first.
* Bob does not see the connecting {{Hb|1}}, so assumes he has to play it now.
* Bob does not have a marked card that could be {{Hb|1}}, so Bob '''blind plays his newest unmarked card'''.
* {{Hb|1}} successfully plays.
 
|title3=Reversed finesse
|body3=
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2}}{{Hg|2}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Alice to Bob: this card is blue.
 
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2|c=}}{{Hg|2}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Bob now knows his marked {{Hb|2}} is playable.
* Bob sees the newest, unmarked card in Cathy's hand is of the same colour '''and''' playable now. Bob assumes it is a finesse with the players in reversed order and his blue card is {{Hb|2}}.
}}
 
{{infoBoxes |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
|title1=Bluff
|body1=
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2}}{{Hg|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Alice to Cathy: this card is blue.
 
{{Hr}} {{Hy}} {{Hg}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hr|5}}{{Hb|3}}{{Hw|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|5}}{{Hr|2}}{{Hb|2|c=}}{{Hg|2}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy now knows her marked card {{Hb|2}} is playable.
* Bob does not see the connecting {{Hb|1}}, so assumes he has to play it now.
* Bob does not have a marked card that could be {{Hb|1}}, so Bob '''blind plays his newest unmarked card'''.
* {{Hw|1}} successfully plays and the bluff is revealed.
* Before Bob played, Cathy thought her marked card was {{Hb|1}}.
* After Bob plays, Cathy knows her marked card is another valuable blue card.
All conventions interpret Cathy's card as a valuable, not-yet-playable blue card.
 
Some interpretations are more stringent, also must be a ''1-away-from-playable'' {{Hb|2}}.
 
|title2=Long finesse
|body2=&ZeroWidthSpace;
* Alice to Bob: this card is a 4.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb}} {{Hw}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|2}}{{Hw|4|n=}}{{Hg|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hw|3}}{{Hb|1}}{{Hg|1}}{{Hy|1}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Bob has been given a play clue and does not see a playable card in any hand, so Bob blind plays his draw card.
* {{Hw|1}} successfully plays.
* Cathy sees that Bob has {{Hw|2}} in front of {{Hw|4}} but {{Hw|3}} is missing, so Cathy knows she must play {{Hw|3}} at the correct moment.
* Cathy discards, Alice discards and Bob blind plays his 2nd slot {{Hw|2}}.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb}} {{Hw|2}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|5}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hw|4|n=}}{{Hg|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hy|2}}{{Hw|3}}{{Hb|1}}{{Hg|1}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Cathy blind plays her 2nd slot {{Hw|3}}.
* Alice discards and Bob plays the marked {{Hw|4}}.
}}
 
=== Layered Finesse ===
 
Players assume:
* BGA Finesse convention above.
* Finessed cards can be layered behind other unrelated, but playable cards.
 
==== Examples ====
 
{{infoBox |maxWidth=650 |state=collapsed
|title=Layered finesse
|body=&ZeroWidthSpace;
* Alice to Bob: these 2 cards are blue.
 
{{Hr|1}} {{Hy|1}} {{Hg|1}} {{Hb}} {{Hw|4}}
{{cardholder|{{Hb|2|c=}}{{Hb|5|c=}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hg|1}} |Bob 🡲}}
{{cardholder|{{Hr|2}}{{Hy|2}}{{Hb|1}}{{Hg|1}} |Cathy 🡲}}
 
* Bob sees a playable {{Hb|1}} in Cathy's hand, layered behind other playable cards {{Hr|2}} and {{Hy|2}}.
* Bob discards and Cathy blind plays for {{Hb|1}}. {{Hr|2}} successfully plays.
* Cathy knows this cannot be a bluff because Bob would not discard unless he sees a playable {{Hb|1}} in Cathy's hand.
* So Cathy knows she is promised {{Hb|1}} and keeps playing each slot from left to right until her {{Hb|1}} is played.
}}
 
=== Definitions ===
 
<div style="columns:20rem auto;column-gap:2rem;">
==== {{text|Basic|c={{r}}|w=700|f=cursive|s=1.05}} ====
 
'''Convention''': Agreed set of clue, play and discard interpretations. ''e.g. a number clue that marks the chop card should be interpreted as a unique card save (if there is a unique card of that number).''
 
'''Strategy''': Plan to achieve the highest score. ''e.g. to mark first copies of cards.''
 
'''Marked''': A card touched by a clue.
 
'''Focus''': The target card of a clue.
 
'''Play clue''': Clue that marks a focused card to play.
 
'''Playable''': A card that can be marked by a play clue.
 
'''Trash''': A card that can never be played successfully.
 
'''Bomb''': A play that causes a misfire.
 
'''Draw''': The newest card in a hand.
 
'''Chop''': The oldest, unmarked card in a hand.
 
'''Unique''': The last remaining card of its rank and colour (that can be played successfully at some point).
 
'''Save''': A (number) clue that marks a chop card to prevent discard.
 
'''Prompt''': A play clue that causes connecting marked card(s) to play.
 
==== {{text|Intermediate|c={{g}}|w=700|f=cursive|s=1.05}} ====
 
'''Good Touch Principle''': All marked cards will eventually be played.
 
'''Splash''': Additional new colour or rank information of cards that are not the focus.
 
'''Locked''': A hand with all cards marked without any plays.
 
'''Reclue''': A repeated clue that causes marked card(s) to play.
 
'''Fix clue''': Follow-up clue required to change the focus of a play clue (and prevent a misfire).
 
'''Discard clue''': Clue that marks trash card(s) to be discarded (to prevent a misfire or unwanted discard).
 
'''Stall clue''': A clue given to avoid discarding.
 
'''Finesse''': A play clue that causes connecting unmarked card(s) to play.
 
'''Bluff''': A play clue that causes a non-connecting unmarked card to play.
 
'''Bluff seat''': The player directly before the player who is bluffed.¹
 
'''Bottom-decked''': When the remaining copy of a playable card is too near the bottom of the deck to achieve a perfect score.
 
'''Early save''': A save clue with a known playable card in the same hand, or does not mark the chop card¹. ''i.e. a play clue.''
 
'''Double save''': Two consecutive saves in the same hand.
 
'''Double discard''': Two consecutive players discard copies of the same chop card, resulting in a unique discard. ''A special problem, since, to each of the consecutive players, a number clue that marks their chop card does not look like a save clue (and therefore looks like a play clue).''
 
'''Sarcastic discard''': Discard of a duplicate marked copy of a card in another hand.
 
'''Skip''' / '''steal''': When a player gives a clue that could have been given by one of the skipped players.
 
'''Scream discard''': An unexpected discard to save a unique card in another hand.
 
==== {{text|Advanced|c={{m}}|w=700|f=cursive|s=1.05}} ====
 
'''Long finesse''': A finesse of three or more cards lasting more than one complete round.
 
'''Layered finesse''': A finesse with unrelated playable card(s) in front of the target card(s).
 
'''Scream play''': An unexpected chop play to save a unique card in another hand.
 
'''Clued misplay''': A play clue that causes a misfire to prevent a unique discard in the same hand.
 
'''Positional misplay''': An unexpected play that marks the same slot position in another hand to play immediately.
 
'''Gentleman's discard''': Discard of a playable card to play an unmarked copy in another hand.
 
'''Play refusal''': Instead of playing, a player clues or discards their '''chop'''.
 
'''Hesitation play''': After a play refusal of a playable card, another player may be able to blind play an unmarked card.
 
'''Generation discard''': An unexpected discard to gain {{Hclue|1}}.
 
</div>¹bluff seat is an [https://hanabi.github.io/level-11/#the-bluff-seat H-Group concept]. Note that this concept is unhelpful for understanding how bluffs work since outside of H-Group, it is possible to bluff any player given the right conditions.
 
== Options ==
 
=== Colors ===
 
==== Normal: 5 colors ====
 
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|+50 cards
!Red (r)
|{{Hr|1}}{{Hr|1}}{{Hr|1}}
|{{Hr|2}}{{Hr|2}}
|{{Hr|3}}{{Hr|3}}
|{{Hr|4}}{{Hr|4}}
|{{Hr|5}}
|-
|-
!Yellow (y)
|16-20
|{{Hy|1}}{{Hy|1}}{{Hy|1}}
|Excellent, crowd pleasing.
|{{Hy|2}}{{Hy|2}}
|{{Hy|3}}{{Hy|3}}
|{{Hy|4}}{{Hy|4}}
|{{Hy|5}}
|-
|-
!Green (g)
|21-24
|{{Hg|1}}{{Hg|1}}{{Hg|1}}
|Amazing, will be remembered for weeks!
|{{Hg|2}}{{Hg|2}}
|{{Hg|3}}{{Hg|3}}
|{{Hg|4}}{{Hg|4}}
|{{Hg|5}}
|-
|-
!Blue (b)
|25-29
|{{Hb|1}}{{Hb|1}}{{Hb|1}}
|Legendary, everyone left speechless, stars in their eyes!
|{{Hb|2}}{{Hb|2}}
|{{Hb|3}}{{Hb|3}}
|{{Hb|4}}{{Hb|4}}
|{{Hb|5}}
|-
|-
!White (w)
|30
|{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}{{Hw|1}}
|Divine, the display outshines the stars!
|{{Hw|2}}{{Hw|2}}
|{{Hw|3}}{{Hw|3}}
|{{Hw|4}}{{Hw|4}}
|{{Hw|5}}
|}
|}


==== Tricky: 6th color (10 cards) ====
The only way to score above 25 is to include multicolored cards. See '''Variants''' below.


* These cards are marked by a separate ''multicolour'' clue.
== Variants ==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|++10 cards
!Multicolour (m)
|{{Hm|1}}{{Hm|1}}{{Hm|1}}
|{{Hm|2}}{{Hm|2}}
|{{Hm|3}}{{Hm|3}}
|{{Hm|4}}{{Hm|4}}
|{{Hm|5}}
|}


==== Difficult: 6th color (5 cards) ====
==== Colors ====


* These cards are marked by a separate ''multicolour'' clue.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|- style="background-color: #eaecf0;text-align: center;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;"
|++5 cards
! Name !! # of Cards !! Definition
!Multicolour (m)
|{{Hm|1}}
|{{Hm|2}}
|{{Hm|3}}
|{{Hm|4}}
|{{Hm|5}}
|}
 
==== Avalanche of Colors: Multicolor (10 multicolor) ====
 
* These cards are marked by '''any colour clue'''.
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|++10 cards
!Multicolour (m)
|{{Hm|1}}{{Hm|1}}{{Hm|1}}
|{{Hm|2}}{{Hm|2}}
|{{Hm|3}}{{Hm|3}}
|{{Hm|4}}{{Hm|4}}
|{{Hm|5}}
|}
 
=== Black Powder ===
 
* Clues cannot be given for the colour black.
* Black cards must be played in '''reverse order''' 5 ⇨ 4 ⇨ 3 ⇨ 2 ⇨ 1.
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
|++10 cards
!Black Powder (p/k)
|{{Hk|5}}{{Hk|5}}{{Hk|5}}
|{{Hk|4}}{{Hk|4}}
|{{Hk|3}}{{Hk|3}}
|{{Hk|2}}{{Hk|2}}
|{{Hk|1}}
|}
 
=== 5 flamboyants ===
 
After playing the last card of a colour, randomly draw a bonus card and apply its effect:
# Gain {{Hclue|1|size=1.2}}
# Gain {{Hclue|1|size=1.2}} and recover a life.
# Give a colour clue.
# Give a number clue.
# Shuffle a discarded card into the deck ''(optional)''.
# Play a discarded card ''(optional)''.
 
=== Convention used ===
 
{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
!Name
!Summary
!References
|-
|-
|'''Unspecified'''
| Normal || 5 colors || The standard game. Play with a 50-card deck of 5 colors (red, blue, green, yellow, white) to make 5 firework stacks.
|No convention, so don't assume any conventional moves!
 
Ask the table host if they will be following any convention.
|N/A
|-
|-
|'''Finesse'''
| Tricky || 6th color (10 cards) || Add a sixth color--{{pill|Multicolor|mistyrose}}--to make a deck of 60 cards and make 6 firework stacks.
|BGA convention with blind-plays
|Finesse convention above
 
[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VzgN6WoeYwh5NYtHECzUNZqFvpVcg-EdObU-YNMlyhc Hanabi "reference" for bga]
|-
|-
|'''Layered finesse'''
| Difficult || 6th color (5 unique cards) || Same as above, except the additional color only has one card of each rank (1 {{card|1|color=black|background=mistyrose}}, 1 {{card|2|color=black|background=mistyrose}}, 1 {{card|3|color=black|background=mistyrose}}, 1 {{card|4|color=black|background=mistyrose}}, and 1 {{card|5|color=black|background=mistyrose}})
|BGA Finesse convention with additional unrelated blind-plays
|Layered Finesse convention above
 
[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VzgN6WoeYwh5NYtHECzUNZqFvpVcg-EdObU-YNMlyhc Hanabi "reference" for bga]
 
[https://en.doc.boardgamearena.com/User:Sammy_McSam/Hanabi User:Sammy_McSam/Hanabi]
|-
|'''H-Group'''
|Comprehensive, level-based and chop-focused
|[https://hanabi.github.io H-Group]
|-
|-
|'''Other'''
| Avalanche of Colors || Multicolor (10 multicolor cards) || {{pill|Multicolor|mistyrose}} cards are wild, which means these cards are included when giving clues about color. For example, if the player has {{cardholder|{{diamond|A}}{{club|A}}{{heart|A}}{{spade|A}} |Alice}}
|Not listed above
|Other conventions below
|}
|}


=== Preset deck ===
==== Black Powder ====


Preset decks are useful for comparing teams/conventions using the same deck:
Ten {{pill|black|black}} cards are added to the deck. These cards have different quantities of ranks, reverse from the other colors. One is {{card|1}}, two are {{card|2}}, two are {{card|3}}, two are {{card|4}}, and three are {{card|5}}.  
* No (cards are shuffled)
* Preset deck #1 of the day
* Preset deck #2 of the day
* Preset deck #3 of the day
* Preset deck #4 of the day
* Preset deck #5 of the day
Preset decks are changed at [https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=48600#p48600 0:00 (?)] UTC


=== Unofficial variant ===
Like in "Tricky", the black cards form a firework stack, but are played in '''descending''' order (from {{card|5|color=white|background=black}} to {{card|1|color=white|background=black}}


{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
You '''cannot give clues''' about the color of black cards. They have no color (who can see a black firework?). You can only give clues about its number.
|+Deal
!# Players
!2
!3
!4
!5
|-
!# Cards
|'''6'''
|5
|4
|'''3'''
|}


== Other conventions ==
When scoring, subtract 1 point for every card missing from the black fireworks display.


{|class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
==== 5 Flamboyants ====
!Name
!Summary
!References
|-
|'''Logical Leftism'''
|No convention, just logic
|[http://hanabilogic.eklablog.com/basics-level-1-a117610126 hanabi logic]
|-
|'''Conventional Leftism'''
|Another name for Finesse
|[http://hanabilogic.eklablog.com/no-conventional-leftism-a117757604 hanabi logic]
[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sz3if8-9JJDAcbvdi3MHEAv9L5ljyHHnTSEACKk5RUY/edit#heading=h.q88fl7o62h8c Postmans]
|-
|'''Hat-guessing'''
|Clues relate to slot position, not the cards marked
|[https://github.com/hanabi/hanabi.github.io/blob/main/misc/hat-guessing.md H-Group]


[https://github.com/fpvandoorn/hanabi/blob/master/doc_hat_player.md Robert Kaspar]
When you play the last card on a firework stack (typically the {{card|5}}), draw a bonus card. Bonus cards have different effects.


[https://github.com/hanabi/hanabi.github.io/blob/main/misc/empty-clues.md H-Group empty clues]
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
|-
  <li>Gain a {{Hclue|size=1}}</li>
|'''Closest Friend'''
  <li>Gain a {{Hclue|size=1}} and lose 1 misfire</li>
|Clue interpretation depends on which player gave the clue
  <li>Give a color clue to a player for free</li>
|[https://github.com/hanabi/hanabi.github.io/blob/main/pdf/newest-friend.pdf H-Group]
  <li>Give a number clue to a player for free</li>
|-
  <li>Shuffle a discarded card back into the deck (optional)</li>
|'''Secret convention'''
  <li>Play a discarded card (optional)</li>
|Each player randomly selects a secret '''[https://perchance.org/e6dtm5lj3r restriction]'''
</ul>
|[https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26863 Secret variant]


[https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=71264#p71264 Secret hanabi restriction]
=== Convention Used ===
|}


== Chat ==
''Hanabi'' is a game about communication, but there aren't enough {{Hclue|size=1}} to be able to indicate both color ''and'' number of every played card. To give more information, the team must agree on a set of interpretations for clues, playable cards, and discardable cards. This is a '''convention'''.


* It is against the rules of the game to share information that influences a player's move beyond the game actions of cluing, playing, or discarding.
If the players use different conventions to communicate, they are sure to lose. You can read more about common conventions in '''[https://boardgamearena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26863 this forum post]''' by [https://boardgamearena.com/player?id=84207926 Romain672].
* Even a single question mark sent in chat can influence the decisions of all players. e.g. a missed finesse or some other unexpected move.
* This is why it is best to wait until the end of the game to discuss moves.


== ELO rating ==
During game setup, the creator can indicate which convention the players should use. These are not enforceable, so please respect the convention that the table creator set.


'''[https://forum.boardgamearena.com/viewtopic.php?t=33785 Rating is visibly hidden around tables]''' with the 7 distinct ELO skill levels:
{| class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
: {{Beginner}} {{Apprentice}} {{Average}} {{Good}} {{Strong}} {{Expert}} {{Master}}.
|+ Caption text
|- style="background-color: #eaecf0;text-align: center;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;"
! Convention !! Summary !! References
|-
! Unspecified
No convention ||
|-
! Finesse
Players assume that every marked card will be playable at some point. The oldest unmarked card should be safe to discard. Unplayable cards should be discarded by priority (e.g., discard blue when the blue stack is complete) The newest unmarked cards should be played first. || [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VzgN6WoeYwh5NYtHECzUNZqFvpVcg-EdObU-YNMlyhc Reference]
! Layered Finess
Same as Finess, but marked cards can be layered behind other unrelated, but playable cards. || [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VzgN6WoeYwh5NYtHECzUNZqFvpVcg-EdObU-YNMlyhc Reference]
! Hgroup
This is a comprehensive convention with several detailed interpretations, many based on the last card (known as the "chop card") and order of clues given. See reference for more details. || [https://hanabi.github.io H-Group]
! Other
You can specify which convention should be used in the Presentation header of the table when it starts. ||
|}


# '''''Hanabot''''''s ELO is generated from:
====Preset Deck====
#* Final score¹
#* Average team ELO
#* Colour option²
# ELO change is calculated as if tied with Hanabot.


'''''[https://forum.boardgamearena.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=4814 Hanabots' ELO ratings]''' were set by an experienced player - i.e. ratings are not random or simply proportional to score or players' ELO.''
Preset decks are useful for comparing teams/conventions using the same deck. You can select to have no preset deck or choose one of 5 preset decks of the day. These change every day at 0:00 UTC.


¹''Hanabot's ELO = 0 with scores < 18 (5 colours) and < 21 (6 colours).''
==== Unofficial variant ====


²''+5 card multicolor option is unrated (too dependent on draw to reflect skill).''
In a two-player game, hand size is 6 instead of 5. In a five-player game, hand size is 3 instead of 4.

Revision as of 18:14, 23 April 2026

Overview

Hanabi is a cooperative game where your collective goal is to build a fabulous fireworks show. Like any decent show, you should start with small fireworks and finish with the big ones. You will do this by playing red, blue, green, yellow, and white cards from ranks 1 to 5. The problem? You don't know what cards you have. But you know which ones your fellow players do. So you must communicate with each other to build a proper show by placing cards in sequential order with no misfires.

Gameplay

Cards and Firework Stacks

The deck has a total of 50 cards. The cards come in five colors: Red Blue Green Yellow White

Each color has 10 cards. Three are 1, two are 2, two are 3, two are 4, and one single 5.

There is only one firework of each color. Each firework only has one of each number and must be placed in ascending order. So at the end (if successful), you should have 5 fireworks of 5 cards each, 1 through 5. Placing a duplicate on any of the stacks will result in a misfire. If three misfires occur, the game is over and the players lose.

Communication

You can only communicate with your teammates via clues. You have a limited number of clues, represented by tokens like this: ​ clue tokens

These are displayed in the upper right corner. Each time you give a clue, a ​ clue tokens moves from the white area (available tokens) to the black (played tokens). If there are no tokens available, you must play or discard on your turn.

Chat
Do not use the chat to communicate with each other. That is cheating. If you do, you are dishonored and your reputation as a master pyrotechnician is tainted.

Setup

In a 2-3 player game, each player gets a hand of 5 cards. In a 4-5 player game, each player gets a hand of 4 cards.

Gameplay

On your turn, you can do one of three things.

  • Give a clue.
  • Discard a card.
  • Play a card.

Give a Clue

To give a clue, there must be at least 1 ​ clue tokens in the white area. Click on another player's card. You have the choice of telling the player

  • Which cards of that color the player has
  • Which cards of that number the player has

At that point, the ​ clue tokens is moved from the white "available" zone to the black "used" zone.

The game records these clues, so you can tell which cards other players have pointed out are what number and what color.

Play a Card

Choose a card in your hand and select to play it. It will move automatically to the appropriate color stack.

  • If it is the next card in sequence for a color, it is placed on the appropriate stack, adding to or completing the firework.
  • If it is not the next card in sequence for any color, then the firework has misfired and the card is discarded. The player draws a replacement card.

If the played card completes a firework, a ​ clue tokens moves from the spent black area to the white available area.

Discard a Card

To discard a card, there must be at least 1 ​ clue tokens in the black area. Click on the card you wish to discard. A replacement card is drawn and a ​ clue tokens moves from the black area to the white area, making it available.

Discarding is a necessary part of the game as you will need to restore ​ clue tokens. Plus your hand will have unplayable duplicates so you must discard at some point. (e.g., if you play a 3 and the Blue stack already has a 3 in it, that results in a misfire.)

Game End

There are three ways the game can end.

  • If the players cause 3 misfires (misplayed cards), the game immediately ends and the players lose.
  • If all 5 firework stacks get completed, the players have won. and granted a stunning victory with 25 points.
  • If the deck is empty, each player plays one more time (including the player who emptied the deck). Once this last round completes, the score is tallied.

Scoring

To calculate score, add the largest value card (top card) in each of the firework stacks. Artistic impression is determined by the Artisan League of Fireworks Technicians reference scale:

Points Overall impression
0-5 Horrible, booed by the crowd...
6-10 Mediocre, just a spattering of applause...
11-15 Honorable attempt, but quickly forgotten...
16-20 Excellent, crowd pleasing.
21-24 Amazing, will be remembered for weeks!
25-29 Legendary, everyone left speechless, stars in their eyes!
30 Divine, the display outshines the stars!

The only way to score above 25 is to include multicolored cards. See Variants below.

Variants

Colors

Name # of Cards Definition
Normal 5 colors The standard game. Play with a 50-card deck of 5 colors (red, blue, green, yellow, white) to make 5 firework stacks.
Tricky 6th color (10 cards) Add a sixth color--Multicolor--to make a deck of 60 cards and make 6 firework stacks.
Difficult 6th color (5 unique cards) Same as above, except the additional color only has one card of each rank (1 1, 1 2, 1 3, 1 4, and 1 5)
Avalanche of Colors Multicolor (10 multicolor cards) Multicolor cards are wild, which means these cards are included when giving clues about color. For example, if the player has A♦A♣A♥A♠ Alice

Black Powder

Ten black cards are added to the deck. These cards have different quantities of ranks, reverse from the other colors. One is 1, two are 2, two are 3, two are 4, and three are 5.

Like in "Tricky", the black cards form a firework stack, but are played in descending order (from 5 to 1

You cannot give clues about the color of black cards. They have no color (who can see a black firework?). You can only give clues about its number.

When scoring, subtract 1 point for every card missing from the black fireworks display.

5 Flamboyants

When you play the last card on a firework stack (typically the 5), draw a bonus card. Bonus cards have different effects.

  • Gain a ​ clue tokens
  • Gain a ​ clue tokens and lose 1 misfire
  • Give a color clue to a player for free
  • Give a number clue to a player for free
  • Shuffle a discarded card back into the deck (optional)
  • Play a discarded card (optional)

Convention Used

Hanabi is a game about communication, but there aren't enough ​ clue tokens to be able to indicate both color and number of every played card. To give more information, the team must agree on a set of interpretations for clues, playable cards, and discardable cards. This is a convention.

If the players use different conventions to communicate, they are sure to lose. You can read more about common conventions in this forum post by Romain672.

During game setup, the creator can indicate which convention the players should use. These are not enforceable, so please respect the convention that the table creator set.

Caption text
Convention Summary References
Unspecified

No convention ||

Finesse

Players assume that every marked card will be playable at some point. The oldest unmarked card should be safe to discard. Unplayable cards should be discarded by priority (e.g., discard blue when the blue stack is complete) The newest unmarked cards should be played first. || Reference

Layered Finess

Same as Finess, but marked cards can be layered behind other unrelated, but playable cards. || Reference

Hgroup

This is a comprehensive convention with several detailed interpretations, many based on the last card (known as the "chop card") and order of clues given. See reference for more details. || H-Group

Other

You can specify which convention should be used in the Presentation header of the table when it starts. ||

Preset Deck

Preset decks are useful for comparing teams/conventions using the same deck. You can select to have no preset deck or choose one of 5 preset decks of the day. These change every day at 0:00 UTC.

Unofficial variant

In a two-player game, hand size is 6 instead of 5. In a five-player game, hand size is 3 instead of 4.

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