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Hive is an abstract board game for two players. Players compete to gain control of a hive, trying to surround their opponent's queen bee to win the game.
==Overview==


== Start of the game ==
''Hive'' is a movement-capture game like chess, but has no board and uses hexagonal stones. The goal is to surround the opponent's queen bee with six stones. (The stones do not all have to be of your color.)


Each player takes all pieces of their color (white or black) into their reserve. The following pieces are available:
==Game Start==


* 1 queen bee
The first player chooses one stone to put on the board. The second does the same, but must touch the other player's stone. This is the only time a player can place a new stone that touches their opponent's.
* 2 beetles
* 2 spiders
* 3 ants
* 3 grasshoppers


Additionally, expansion pieces are available if the game is played with them:
You cannot move stones until the Queen Bee is placed. Each player can play up to three stones before placing the Queen Bee. After three turns, if a player has not placed the Queen Bee, they are required to on their fourth turn.


* 1 ladybug
In a tournament-style opening, the player cannot place the Queen Bee first.  
* 1 mosquito
* 1 pill bug
 
Initially, the play area is empty.


== Player's turn ==
== Player's turn ==


During a player's turn, a player may do one of two actions:
Each turn, a player may do one of two actions:


* Place a piece from their reserve to the play area
<ul class="bulletlist" style="margin:1em 0;padding-inline-start:40px;">
* Move one of their pieces in the play area
  <li>Place a stone</li>
  <li>Move a stone</li>
</ul>


At the start of the game, a player may only place pieces until they place their queen bee. In addition, the queen bee must be placed by a player's fourth turn; if after three turns a player hasn't placed their queen bee, they must place it on the fourth turn.
If a player cannot move a stone or place a new stone, their turn is skipped.


If a player is able to make a legal move, they must do so. If a player is unable to make any legal move, they must pass.
==== Placing a New Stone ====


=== Placing a piece ===
A player takes one stone from their reserve and places it so that it 1) touches at least one of its own color 2) does not touch any of the opponent's stones.


To place a piece, a player takes one piece from their reserve and places it in the playing area. The piece must touch at least one of their own pieces by a complete side, and it may not touch any of the opponent's pieces.
Note: A stone with a beetle on it is the color of the beetle. A stone is considered to be the color of the topmost stone.


Exception: The first piece placed, of course, will not touch anything, and the second piece placed will necessarily touch the first piece (of the opposing color).
==== Moving a piece ====


Second exception: When a beetle is on top of one or more pieces, "...the stack [of pieces] takes on the colour of the Beetle."
Each piece moves differently based on its pictured bug, but there is only one rule: ''the hive cannot ever be disconnected''. The stones must always form a contiguous group. Any moved piece must remain part of that group. This is known as the '''One Hive''' rule.


=== Moving a piece ===
Adjacent pieces always share a complete side, never part of a side or touching a corner. Imagine a hexagonal grid; each piece occupies one such space on the grid. To move a piece, it must be able to physically move, or "slide", to its destination. A stone cannot move through a gap that is too narrow to pass through. This also applies to stones on other stones. This is the '''Freedom of Movement''' rule.


To move a piece, a player chooses one of their pieces in the play area and moves it according to its movement rules below. The following golden rules must be followed at all times:
==== Pieces ====


* Adjacent pieces must always share a complete side, never part of a side or touching only at a point. Imagine a hexagonal grid; each piece occupies one such space on the grid.
{| class="wikitable" style="width:auto;" border="2"
* The One Hive rule: The hive may not be disconnected at any time. When a player moves a piece, the rest of the pieces must form a contiguous group, and the moved piece must also end up adjacent to the group.
! style="background:linear-gradient(0deg, #f8f8f8, #e7e9e8);" | Name || Icon || Quantity || Movement
* The Freedom of Movement rule: A piece must be physically able to be moved to its destination, one space at a time. In most cases, this means a piece must "slide" to its destination. Some configuration of pieces might leave a gap that is too narrow for a piece to pass through. A piece that climbs can also be subject to this rule, if there are two tall stacks that leave a narrow gap.
|-
| '''Queen''' || [[File:hive_queen.png]] || 1 || Exactly 1 space in any direction
|-
| '''Beetle''' || [[File:hive_beetle.png]] || 2 || Exactly 1 space in any direction; Can climb over other pieces and the piece underneath is immobilized
|-
| '''Grasshopper''' || [[File:hive_grasshopper.png]] || 3 || Jumps over a line of pieces. Cannot go over gaps. [[File:Grasshopper instructions.png|thumb|Grasshopper movement]]
|-
| '''Spider''' || [[File:hive_spider.png]] || 2 || Moves exactly 3 spaces around the hive. No more and no less.
|-
| '''Ant''' || [[File:hive_ant.png]] || 3 || Can move as far as it likes around the other stones
|-
| colspan=4 style="text-align: center;" | '''Bonus Optional Pieces'''
|-
| '''Ladybug''' || [[File:hive_ladybug.png]] || 1 || Moves three spaces--two on top of the hive and one off.
|-
| '''Pillbug''' || [[File:hive_pillbug.png]] || 1 || Moves a single space (like the Queen Bee). Can also move an adjacent stone to a different space, as long as the '''One Hive''' rule is observed. It does this by rolling the stone on top of it and putting it back down somewhere.
|-
| '''Mosquito''' || [[File:hive_mosquito.png]] || 1 || Copies the movement of any piece it's touching.  
|}


=== Piece movement rules ===
==Notes==


* '''Queen bee''': slides to an adjacent space. A player loses if their queen bee is surrounded (see below).
A Beetle can climb on top of other Beetles. It's possible to have a stack five stones high (1 base stone and 4 Beetles).
* '''Beetle''': slides or climbs to an adjacent space. The beetle may climb over other pieces; if an adjacent space is occupied by a piece (of either color), a player may move their beetle on top of the piece. The piece underneath is immobilized and cannot move until the beetle moves away. It's possible to have beetles climbing over other beetles, making a taller stack. If a beetle moves on the same level, it slides.
* '''Spider''': slides three spaces around the hive. The spider may not turn back within the same move. Occasionally the spider may be adjacent to more than one part of the hive during the move; it may continue crawling on any side of the hive it touches as long as it's not traveling backwards.
* '''Ant''': slides to anywhere. The ant may move anywhere as long as the golden rules are respected.
* [[File:Grasshopper instructions.png|thumb|Grasshopper movement]]'''Grasshopper''': jumps over a line of pieces. The grasshopper picks a direction, then jumps in that direction, landing on the first empty space. It must jump over at least one piece (of either color, which may also be a grasshopper).
* '''Ladybug''': climbs for two spaces then drops back down. Like the spider, the ladybug moves three spaces: the first and the second are on top of the hive, and the third must brings it back to ground level.
* '''Mosquito''': moves like any piece it's touching. The mosquito may choose any piece it's adjacent to, and copies its movement. It may climb onto the hive as a beetle; then, while on top of the hive, it is a beetle (even if it doesn't touch any beetle) until it moves to ground level. A mosquito that is only adjacent to another mosquito cannot move. A stack of pieces is treated as a beetle for the mosquito (it may not copy a piece underneath the beetle). If the pill bug is also in play, a mosquito adjacent to a pill bug may copy the special ability of the pill bug.
* '''Pill bug''': slides a single space, or moves an adjacent piece to another space adjacent to the pill bug. If the pill bug decides to move another piece, it chooses a piece adjacent to it, moves it up onto the pill bug, and moves it back down to another empty space. The pill bug may not move the piece that just moved in the previous turn, and the piece moved may not move in the next turn. The pill bug may not move any piece in a stack of pieces. The pill bug must also respect the golden rules (in particular, a piece may not be moved if it will break the hive, or if the gap is too narrow).


== End of the game ==
If a Mosquito copies a Beetle and moves on top of the hive, it remains a Beetle until it moves to ground level. A Mosquito cannot move if it is only adjacent to another Mosquito. If a beetle is on top of an adjacent stone, the Mosquito copies the Beetle, not the stone underneath.


The game ends when a queen bee is surrounded on all six sides (by pieces of either color). The owner of the surrounded queen bee loses.
If a Pillbug moves another stone, that stone cannot be moved next turn. The Pillbug cannot move a stone that is part of a stack.


In case both queen bees are surrounded at the same time, the game is a draw. In addition, players may agree to a draw if the game ends in a stalemate, of repeating moves over and over.
== Game End ==


== Variants ==
The game ends when a queen bee is surrounded on all six sides by pieces of either color. The owner of the surrounded Queen Bee loses.


* Ladybug: The ladybug piece is used.
If both Queen Bees are surrounded at the same time, the game is a draw. Players may agree to a draw if neither player can move or only make the same moves over and over.
* Mosquito: The mosquito piece is used.
* Pill bug: The pill bug piece is used.
* Tournament opening rule: The queen may not be placed in the first turn.

Revision as of 17:22, 24 November 2025

Overview

Hive is a movement-capture game like chess, but has no board and uses hexagonal stones. The goal is to surround the opponent's queen bee with six stones. (The stones do not all have to be of your color.)

Game Start

The first player chooses one stone to put on the board. The second does the same, but must touch the other player's stone. This is the only time a player can place a new stone that touches their opponent's.

You cannot move stones until the Queen Bee is placed. Each player can play up to three stones before placing the Queen Bee. After three turns, if a player has not placed the Queen Bee, they are required to on their fourth turn.

In a tournament-style opening, the player cannot place the Queen Bee first.

Player's turn

Each turn, a player may do one of two actions:

  • Place a stone
  • Move a stone

If a player cannot move a stone or place a new stone, their turn is skipped.

Placing a New Stone

A player takes one stone from their reserve and places it so that it 1) touches at least one of its own color 2) does not touch any of the opponent's stones.

Note: A stone with a beetle on it is the color of the beetle. A stone is considered to be the color of the topmost stone.

Moving a piece

Each piece moves differently based on its pictured bug, but there is only one rule: the hive cannot ever be disconnected. The stones must always form a contiguous group. Any moved piece must remain part of that group. This is known as the One Hive rule.

Adjacent pieces always share a complete side, never part of a side or touching a corner. Imagine a hexagonal grid; each piece occupies one such space on the grid. To move a piece, it must be able to physically move, or "slide", to its destination. A stone cannot move through a gap that is too narrow to pass through. This also applies to stones on other stones. This is the Freedom of Movement rule.

Pieces

Name Icon Quantity Movement
Queen Hive queen.png 1 Exactly 1 space in any direction
Beetle Hive beetle.png 2 Exactly 1 space in any direction; Can climb over other pieces and the piece underneath is immobilized
Grasshopper Hive grasshopper.png 3 Jumps over a line of pieces. Cannot go over gaps.
Grasshopper movement
Spider Hive spider.png 2 Moves exactly 3 spaces around the hive. No more and no less.
Ant Hive ant.png 3 Can move as far as it likes around the other stones
Bonus Optional Pieces
Ladybug Hive ladybug.png 1 Moves three spaces--two on top of the hive and one off.
Pillbug Hive pillbug.png 1 Moves a single space (like the Queen Bee). Can also move an adjacent stone to a different space, as long as the One Hive rule is observed. It does this by rolling the stone on top of it and putting it back down somewhere.
Mosquito Hive mosquito.png 1 Copies the movement of any piece it's touching.

Notes

A Beetle can climb on top of other Beetles. It's possible to have a stack five stones high (1 base stone and 4 Beetles).

If a Mosquito copies a Beetle and moves on top of the hive, it remains a Beetle until it moves to ground level. A Mosquito cannot move if it is only adjacent to another Mosquito. If a beetle is on top of an adjacent stone, the Mosquito copies the Beetle, not the stone underneath.

If a Pillbug moves another stone, that stone cannot be moved next turn. The Pillbug cannot move a stone that is part of a stack.

Game End

The game ends when a queen bee is surrounded on all six sides by pieces of either color. The owner of the surrounded Queen Bee loses.

If both Queen Bees are surrounded at the same time, the game is a draw. Players may agree to a draw if neither player can move or only make the same moves over and over.

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