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{{Studio_Framework_Navigation}}


== Purpose of this file ==
== Purpose of this file ==


With this file, you define all the players entry points (ie: possible game actions) of your game.
With this file, you define all the player entry points (i.e., possible game actions) for your game.


This file is a sort of "bridge" between the AJAX calls you are doing from your Javascript client side, and your main PHP code in "yourgame.game.php".
This file is a sort of "bridge" between the AJAX calls you perform from the Javascript client side, and your main PHP code in "yourgame.game.php".


The role of the methods defined in this file is to filter the arguments, eventually to format them a little bit, and then to call a corresponding PHP method from your main game logic ("yourgame.game.php" file).
The role of the methods defined in this file is to filter the arguments, format them a bit, and then call a corresponding PHP method from your main game logic ("yourgame.game.php" file).


Methods in this file must be short: no game logic must be introduced here.
Methods in this file should be short: no game logic must be introduced here.


== Example of typical action method ==
== Example of typical action method ==
Line 27: Line 28:
== Methods to use in action methods ==
== Methods to use in action methods ==


'''function setAjaxMode'''
'''function setAjaxMode()'''


Must be use at the beginning of each action method.
Must be used at the beginning of each action method.


'''function ajaxResponse'''
'''function ajaxResponse()'''


Must be use at the end of each action method.
Must be used at the end of each action method.


'''function getArg( $argName, $argType, $mandatory=false, $default=NULL, $argTypeDetails=array(), $bCanFail=false  )'''
'''function getArg( $argName, $argType, $mandatory=false, $default=NULL, $argTypeDetails=array(), $bCanFail=false  )'''


This method must be used to retrieve the arguments sent with your AJAX query.
This method must be used to retrieve the arguments sent with your AJAX query.
You must NOT use "_GET", "_POST" or equivalent PHP variables to do this, as it is unsafe.
 
This method use the following arguments:
You must ''not'' use "_GET", "_POST" or equivalent PHP variables to do this, as it is unsafe.
 
This method uses the following arguments:
 
* argName: the name of the argument to retrieve.
* argName: the name of the argument to retrieve.
* argType: the type of the argument. You should use one of the following:
* argType: the type of the argument. You should use one of the following:
Line 46: Line 50:
   'AT_float' for a float
   'AT_float' for a float
   'AT_bool' for 1/0/true/false
   'AT_bool' for 1/0/true/false
   'AT_enum' for an enumeration (argTypeDetails list the possible values as an array)
   'AT_enum' for an enumeration (argTypeDetails lists the possible values as an array)
   'AT_alphanum' for a string with 0-9a-zA-Z_ and space
   'AT_alphanum' for a string with 0-9a-zA-Z_ and space
   'AT_numberlist' for a list of several numbers separated with "," or ";" (ex: exemple: 1,4;2,3;-1,2).
  'AT_alphanum_dash' for a string with 0-9a-zA-Z_- and space
   'AT_numberlist' for a list of numbers separated with "," or ";" (example: 1,4;2,3;-1,2)
  'AT_base64' for a base64-encoded string (SECURITY WARNING*)
  'AT_json' for a JSON stringified string (SECURITY WARNING**)
 
* mandatory: specify "true" if the argument is mandatory.
* mandatory: specify "true" if the argument is mandatory.
* default: if mandatory=false, you can specify here a default value in case the argument is not present.
* default: if mandatory=false, you can specify here a default value in case the argument is not present.
* argTypeDetails: see AT_enum above.
* argTypeDetails: used with the 'AT_enum'. Validates that the value passed in is in this list.
* bCanFail: if true, specify that it may be possible that the argument won't be of the type specified by argType (and then do not log this as a fatal error in the system, and return a standard exception to the player).
* bCanFail: if true, specify that it may be possible that the argument won't be of the type specified by argType (and then do not log this as a fatal error in the system, and return a standard exception to the player).


'''SECURITY WARNING''': If using AT_base64 or AT_json, or other undocumented unchecked types you must perform validation on unpacked data, i.e. do not use any of it unchecked, i.e. pass to DB queries or return back in notifications.
Here is an example of a sanity check for JSON :
'''
  public function actMyAction()
  {
    self::setAjaxMode();
    $args = self::getArg('actionArgs', AT_json, true);
    $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($args, 'actionArgs');
    $this->game->actMyAction($args);
    self::ajaxResponse();
  }
  public function validateJSonAlphaNum($value, $argName = 'unknown')
  {
    if (is_array($value)) {
      foreach ($value as $key => $v) {
        $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($key, $argName);
        $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($v, $argName);
      }
      return true;
    }
    if (is_int($value)) {
      return true;
    }
    $bValid = preg_match("/^[_0-9a-zA-Z- ]*$/", $value) === 1;
    if (!$bValid) {
      throw new BgaSystemException("Bad value for: $argName", true, true, FEX_bad_input_argument);
    }
    return true;
  }
'''
'''AT_enum and argTypeDetails Example'''
Validates that the value of 'myarg' is either 'apple', 'orange', or 'banana'
  $myarg = self::getArg( 'myarg', AT_enum, false, null, [ 'apple', 'orange', 'banana' ] ); // optional enum


'''function isArg( $argName )'''
'''function isArg( $argName )'''


This is a useful method when you only want to check if an argument is present or not present in your AJAX request (and don't care of the value.
This is a useful method when you only want to check if an argument is present or not present in your AJAX request (and don't care about the value).
 
It returns "true" or "false" according to whether "argName" has been specified as an argument of the AJAX request or not.
 
== Useful tip: retrieve a list of numbers ==
 
If your Javascript sends a list of integers separated by ";" (example: "1;2;3;4") as an argument, you can transform them into a PHP array with the following:
 
<pre>
    public function playCards()
    {
        self::setAjaxMode();   
 
        $card_ids_raw = self::getArg( "card_ids", AT_numberlist, true );
       
        // Removing last ';' if exists
        if( substr( $card_ids_raw, -1 ) == ';' )
            $card_ids_raw = substr( $card_ids_raw, 0, -1 );
        if( $card_ids_raw == '' )
            $card_ids = array();
        else
            $card_ids = explode( ';', $card_ids_raw );
 
        $this->game->playCards( $card_ids );
        self::ajaxResponse( );
    }
</pre>
 
== Example pass array of Id's ==
 
If your Javascript sends a list of object denomated by alphanumerical tokenId, you can use AT_alphanum type and space as array separator:
 
<pre>
    // sending 'card_ids' => "card_1 card_23 card_12"
    public function playCards()  {
        self::setAjaxMode();   
 
        $card_ids_raw = self::getArg( "card_ids", AT_alphanum, true );
        $card_ids_raw = trim($card_ids_raw);
 
        if( $card_ids_raw == '' )
            $card_ids = array();
        else
            $card_ids = explode( ' ', $card_ids_raw );
 
        $this->game->playCards( $card_ids );
        self::ajaxResponse( );
    }
</pre>
 
== Retrieving data from ajax call ==
 
Note that this is not possible to return any result from a player action: it should return nothing (action went fine) or an exception (action unsuccessful).
 
The typical way to implement this is using games states with game state arguments. Eventually, use player notifications.
 
== Game action handler ==
This is note on what you should be doing and not doing ggg.game.php action handler vs action.php handler
 
action.php
* action handler in action.php should very simple and it should ONLY extract arguments from ajax call, pass them down to game handler
* it should not implement any game logic or check for validity beyong the syntax. I.e. DO NOT put checkAction this action.php
 
game.php
* call checkAction('myAction') first
* check arguments for game validity (i.e. player is not cheating), throw system exceptions if it is (usually this cases where JS side won't be sending it but you still have to check for it)
* perfom action and update database, can do more check if throw user exception if this is not valid move by the rules
* send notifications
* transition to new state


It returns "true" or "false" whether "argName" has been specified as an argument of the AJAX request or not.
[[Category:Studio]]

Revision as of 00:12, 17 May 2022


Game File Reference



Useful Components

Official

  • Deck: a PHP component to manage cards (deck, hands, picking cards, moving cards, shuffle deck, ...).
  • Draggable: a JS component to manage drag'n'drop actions.
  • Counter: a JS component to manage a counter that can increase/decrease (ex: player's score).
  • ExpandableSection: a JS component to manage a rectangular block of HTML than can be displayed/hidden.
  • Scrollmap: a JS component to manage a scrollable game area (useful when the game area can be infinite. Examples: Saboteur or Takenoko games).
  • Stock: a JS component to manage and display a set of game elements displayed at a position.
  • Zone: a JS component to manage a zone of the board where several game elements can come and leave, but should be well displayed together (See for example: token's places at Can't Stop).

Undocumented component (if somebody knows please help with docs)

  • Wrapper: a JS component to wrap a <div> element around its child, even if these elements are absolute positioned.

Unofficial



Game Development Process



Guides for Common Topics



Miscellaneous Resources

Purpose of this file

With this file, you define all the player entry points (i.e., possible game actions) for your game.

This file is a sort of "bridge" between the AJAX calls you perform from the Javascript client side, and your main PHP code in "yourgame.game.php".

The role of the methods defined in this file is to filter the arguments, format them a bit, and then call a corresponding PHP method from your main game logic ("yourgame.game.php" file).

Methods in this file should be short: no game logic must be introduced here.

Example of typical action method

(from Reversi example)

    public function playDisc()
    {
        self::setAjaxMode();     
        $x = self::getArg( "x", AT_posint, true );
        $y = self::getArg( "y", AT_posint, true );
        $result = $this->game->playDisc( $x, $y );
        self::ajaxResponse( );
    }

Methods to use in action methods

function setAjaxMode()

Must be used at the beginning of each action method.

function ajaxResponse()

Must be used at the end of each action method.

function getArg( $argName, $argType, $mandatory=false, $default=NULL, $argTypeDetails=array(), $bCanFail=false )

This method must be used to retrieve the arguments sent with your AJAX query.

You must not use "_GET", "_POST" or equivalent PHP variables to do this, as it is unsafe.

This method uses the following arguments:

  • argName: the name of the argument to retrieve.
  • argType: the type of the argument. You should use one of the following:
 'AT_int' for an integer
 'AT_posint' for a positive integer 
 'AT_float' for a float
 'AT_bool' for 1/0/true/false
 'AT_enum' for an enumeration (argTypeDetails lists the possible values as an array)
 'AT_alphanum' for a string with 0-9a-zA-Z_ and space
 'AT_alphanum_dash' for a string with 0-9a-zA-Z_- and space
 'AT_numberlist' for a list of numbers separated with "," or ";" (example: 1,4;2,3;-1,2)
 'AT_base64' for a base64-encoded string (SECURITY WARNING*)
 'AT_json' for a JSON stringified string (SECURITY WARNING**)
  • mandatory: specify "true" if the argument is mandatory.
  • default: if mandatory=false, you can specify here a default value in case the argument is not present.
  • argTypeDetails: used with the 'AT_enum'. Validates that the value passed in is in this list.
  • bCanFail: if true, specify that it may be possible that the argument won't be of the type specified by argType (and then do not log this as a fatal error in the system, and return a standard exception to the player).


SECURITY WARNING: If using AT_base64 or AT_json, or other undocumented unchecked types you must perform validation on unpacked data, i.e. do not use any of it unchecked, i.e. pass to DB queries or return back in notifications.

Here is an example of a sanity check for JSON :

 public function actMyAction()
 {
   self::setAjaxMode();
   $args = self::getArg('actionArgs', AT_json, true);
   $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($args, 'actionArgs');
   $this->game->actMyAction($args);
   self::ajaxResponse();
 }
 public function validateJSonAlphaNum($value, $argName = 'unknown')
 {
   if (is_array($value)) {
     foreach ($value as $key => $v) {
       $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($key, $argName);
       $this->validateJSonAlphaNum($v, $argName);
     }
     return true;
   }
   if (is_int($value)) {
     return true;
   }
   $bValid = preg_match("/^[_0-9a-zA-Z- ]*$/", $value) === 1;
   if (!$bValid) {
     throw new BgaSystemException("Bad value for: $argName", true, true, FEX_bad_input_argument);
   }
   return true;
 }

AT_enum and argTypeDetails Example

Validates that the value of 'myarg' is either 'apple', 'orange', or 'banana'

 $myarg = self::getArg( 'myarg', AT_enum, false, null, [ 'apple', 'orange', 'banana' ] ); // optional enum

function isArg( $argName )

This is a useful method when you only want to check if an argument is present or not present in your AJAX request (and don't care about the value).

It returns "true" or "false" according to whether "argName" has been specified as an argument of the AJAX request or not.

Useful tip: retrieve a list of numbers

If your Javascript sends a list of integers separated by ";" (example: "1;2;3;4") as an argument, you can transform them into a PHP array with the following:

    public function playCards()
    {
        self::setAjaxMode();     

        $card_ids_raw = self::getArg( "card_ids", AT_numberlist, true );
        
        // Removing last ';' if exists
        if( substr( $card_ids_raw, -1 ) == ';' )
            $card_ids_raw = substr( $card_ids_raw, 0, -1 );
        if( $card_ids_raw == '' )
            $card_ids = array();
        else
            $card_ids = explode( ';', $card_ids_raw );

        $this->game->playCards( $card_ids );
        self::ajaxResponse( );
    }

Example pass array of Id's

If your Javascript sends a list of object denomated by alphanumerical tokenId, you can use AT_alphanum type and space as array separator:

    // sending 'card_ids' => "card_1 card_23 card_12"
    public function playCards()   {
        self::setAjaxMode();     

        $card_ids_raw = self::getArg( "card_ids", AT_alphanum, true );
        $card_ids_raw = trim($card_ids_raw);

        if( $card_ids_raw == '' )
            $card_ids = array();
        else
            $card_ids = explode( ' ', $card_ids_raw );

        $this->game->playCards( $card_ids );
        self::ajaxResponse( );
    }

Retrieving data from ajax call

Note that this is not possible to return any result from a player action: it should return nothing (action went fine) or an exception (action unsuccessful).

The typical way to implement this is using games states with game state arguments. Eventually, use player notifications.

Game action handler

This is note on what you should be doing and not doing ggg.game.php action handler vs action.php handler

action.php

  • action handler in action.php should very simple and it should ONLY extract arguments from ajax call, pass them down to game handler
  • it should not implement any game logic or check for validity beyong the syntax. I.e. DO NOT put checkAction this action.php

game.php

  • call checkAction('myAction') first
  • check arguments for game validity (i.e. player is not cheating), throw system exceptions if it is (usually this cases where JS side won't be sending it but you still have to check for it)
  • perfom action and update database, can do more check if throw user exception if this is not valid move by the rules
  • send notifications
  • transition to new state